With just 5 years to go until 2030 ' the date by which signatories of the Paris Agreement commit to having reducing carbon emissions by 45% - sustainably and carbon reduction are now written into Public Procurement policy influencing decisions relating to investment in national infrastructure. It is widely known that transport and construction are two of the most carbon intensive sectors. Whilst rail lauded as one of the most carbon effective means of moving people and goods how can we ensure that track and vehicle build and maintenance are designed and delivered as sustainably as possible to ensure that the delicate balance between cost and carbon are considered appropriately?